2021 CNO NAVAL HISTORY ESSAY CONTEST:

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NAVADMIN 185/21 2021 CNO NAVAL HISTORY ESSAY CONTEST WINNERS
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SUBJ/2021 CNO NAVAL HISTORY ESSAY CONTEST// 
POC/Dr. Peter D. Haynes, Captain, U.S. Navy (Ret.)//LOC: WASHINGTON, 
DC/EMAIL: peter.d.haynes1@navy.mil//

RMKS/1.  The Chief of Naval Operations (CNO) announces the 2021 CNO Naval 
History Essay Contest and calls for the submission of papers by 31 May 2021.  
Read carefully as the eligibility rules have changed from last years contest.

2.  The Naval History and Heritage Command (NHHC) is the lead for the contest 
and the U.S. Naval Institute (USNI), which has been sponsoring essay contests 
since 1878, is supporting.

3.  The CNO invites entrants to submit essays that apply lessons from 
throughout naval history to establishing and maintaining maritime superiority 
in an era of great power competition.  Entrants should consider that today's 
era is marked
by:
    a.  Determined and increasingly aggressive efforts by China and Russia to 
coordinate their respective instruments of power (e.g., economic, political, 
and
military) to compete for commercial, geostrategic, political, and military 
advantage and access.
    b.  Chinese and Russian expansion across the spectrum of military 
operations (competition, crisis, and contingency) and domains (sea, air, 
land, space, cyberspace, and electromagnetic spectrum).
    c.  The rise of China as an economic and maritime power and the 
importance of the maritime domain and the need for the U.S. to integrate 
Navy, Marine Corps, and Coast Guard operations and multi-domain operational 
concepts and capabilities.
    d.  The increased importance of navies, sea control, and allies and 
partners in a globalized world where 90 percent of world trade (by volume) 
and information travels via the seas or undersea cables.
    e.  The proliferation of advanced weaponry and the erosion of key U.S.
technological advantages that make it difficult for the U.S. to project power 
to manage crises, deter aggression, and reassure allies and partners.
    f.  Fundamental strategic and technological shifts and advances that 
promise to change the character and conduct of naval warfare and challenge 
the Navy's ability to adapt conceptually and materially.

4.  CNOs Intent:  Engage and leverage the intellectual talents of the members 
of the U.S. maritime services (i.e., the Navy, Marine Corps, and Coast Guard 
as well as the Merchant Marine) to provide insights and catalyze discussion 
on how to establish and maintain maritime superiority in an era of great 
power competition.

5.  Eligibility.  Based on feedback, the rules for entrant eligibility in 
both categories have changed.  Essays will be accepted from entrants 
qualified in the Professional Category or the Rising Category.
    a.  Professional Category:
        (1) Historians, professors, history curators, archivists, and persons 
with history-related doctoral degrees;
        (2) Authors of books on naval history (not including self-published 
works); or
        (3) Civilians who have published articles in an established 
historical or naval journal or magazine.
    b.  Rising Category:  Those that do not fall in the Professional Category 
and are either:
        (1) Active duty, reservists, veterans, and federal civilian personnel 
of the U.S. Navy, Marine Corps, Coast Guard, and Merchant Marine; or
        (2) Members of foreign militaries that have orders and are serving in 
an official billet in one of the above Services.

6.  Submission Requirements:
    a.  Deadline:  2359 Eastern Standard Time, 31 May 2021.
    b.  Word Count:  Excluding footnotes, endnotes, or sources, no more than 
3,500 words for Professional Category essays and no more than 3,000 words for 
Rising Category essays.
    c.  Co-authoring:  For the Rising Historian category, an essay may be co-
authored, but both authors have to be qualified in the Rising Category.
    d.  Submissions must be the authors or co-authors original work, neither 
previously published nor currently under consideration for publication, nor 
previously submitted to the CNO Naval History Essay Contest.
    e.  Entrants may submit multiple essays, but the judging panel will 
select only one winning essay per entrant.
    f.  Essays shall be submitted electronically as a Microsoft Word 
attachment via the appropriate link:  Professional Category 
(www.usni.org/cnonhessaycontestprofessional)
or Rising Category (www.usni.org/cnonhessaycontestrising).  When filling out 
the electronic form, the short biography should detail the authors or authors 
eligibility for the contest.
    g.  On the essays title page, include the word count (excluding 
footnotes/endnotes, and sources).
Essays are judged in the blind; please do not include the name of the author 
or authors anywhere in the essay.

7.  Essays will be judged on the following criteria:
    a.  Relevance to the topic:  Applying lessons from naval history to 
establishing and maintaining maritime superiority in an era of great power 
competition;
    b.  Readability;
    c.  Thoroughness of research;
    d.  Quality of insights based on historical events;
    e.  Uniqueness and novelty of ideas presented.

8.  All essays will be judged in the blind.  A six-person panel will select 
the winning essay, the second-place essay, and the third-place essay for the 
Rising Category, while a different six-person panel will select the winning 
and runner -up essays in the Professional Category.

9.  The winning authors will receive:
    a.  Invitational travel orders to the 2021 CNO Naval History Essay 
Contest Awards Reception (to be determined) to meet the CNO and present 
papers.
    b.  Cash prizes (courtesy of USNI). (Note: cash prizes of co-authors will 
be split equally):
        (1) First Place - $5,000 (both categories);
        (2) Second Place - $2,500 (both categories);
        (3) Third Place - $1,500 (Rising Category only).
    c.  Publication of the essays in USNIs Proceedings and Naval History 
magazine (first-place essays) and on the NHHC website (all winning essays).
Some non-winning essays may also be selected for publication.
    d.  Copper sheathing from USS CONSTITUTION (provided by NHHC).
    e.  Recognition on NHHCs website.
    f.  A one-year USNI membership and a one-year subscription to Naval 
History
     magazine (courtesy of USNI).

10.  Responsibilities:
    a.  Director, NHHC shall:
        (1) Coordinate receipt, acknowledgment, and blind judging of 
submissions;
        (2) Nominate two senior staff members to serve as judges; one for 
each category.
        (3) Coordinate with the Office of the Chief of Naval 
Operations(OPNAV), USNA, Naval War College (NWC), Naval Postgraduate School 
(NPS), and USNI, each of which shall nominate two judges, one for each 
category;
        (4) Coordinate announcing the contest winners;
        (5) Coordinate the 2021 CNO Naval History Essay Contest Awards 
Reception and invitational travel for the winning authors;
        (6) Coordinate publication of winning and selected essays; and
        (7) Capture and forward lessons learned.

11.  For more details about the contest, please visit https 
://www.history.navy.mil/get-involved/essay-contest.html or www.usni.org/essay 
-contests. For questions, please contact Dr. Pete Haynes, NHHC:  email:
peter.d.haynes1@navy.mil.  For advice and guidance on writing essays, 
please email essayquestions@usni.org.

12.  Released by Mr. Andrew S. Haeuptle, Director, Navy Staff.//

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